Hydrosalpinx is a pathological condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of secretion in the cavity of the tube, arising from the impossibility of its outflow due to blockage of the lumen of the tube. The tube becomes impassable in a certain area due to circulatory and lymphatic flow disorders that occur against the background of acute salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tube) and provoking the formation of adhesions in the fallopian tube.

A simple hydrosalpinx is distinguished if one closed cavity or follicular arises in the tube when the lumen of the pipe is divided into several cavities. After the formation of cavities, a transudate begins to accumulate in them (the secret of the fallopian tube), the wall of the tube stretches (reaching a few centimeters in diameter). Periodically, the resolution of the process is possible: the fluid through the uterus is poured out or absorbed by the wall of the tube, but due to the presence of adhesions, after some time, the hydrosalpinx occurs again. Therefore, a chronic relapsing course is characteristic of the disease. Hydrosalpinx typically occurs on both fallopian tubes.

Complaints arise with an outflow of transudate: cramping pains in the pelvic region may appear, accompanied by abundant outflow of fluid from the vagina. The liquid is transparent, may have a yellowish tint. More often, a woman simply notes periodic or constant watery discharge from the genital tract (when emptying the hydrosalpinx into the uterus and vagina). When the pipe ruptures, a picture of an acute abdomen occurs, when suppurating the fluid, weakness, intoxication, and an increase in body temperature (pains may be absent, since the sensitivity in the overgrown walls of the tube).

Diagnostics

During an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs, the presence of a smooth-walled one or two-sided tumor-like formation in the area of ​​the uterus is diagnosed. Diagnostic laparoscopy is performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment - surgical, reconstructive-plastic operations are performed by laparoscopic access, using endovideo surgical complexes that allow to most effectively restore the patency of the fallopian tube. In the postoperative period, a course of physiotherapy is prescribed to prevent the development of adhesions. The fallopian tube can be removed by rupture or suppuration (transudate is a breeding ground for bacteria), in the absence of a woman's desire to maintain the ability to have a baby. Immediately after the operation, a course of restorative physiotherapy is carried out to prevent the formation of adhesions.

The sooner a pathology is discovered and treatment is started, the more chances there are for a favorable result. In the acute period, surgery is not performed. First, drug therapy is prescribed to eliminate the inflammatory process, and only after that the day of surgery is selected.

Is it possible to treat without surgery?

It is almost impossible to do without surgical treatment in hydrosalpinx.  When performing operation, doctors adhere to organ-preserving techniques. The age of patient, the presence of her children and the desire to realize reproductive function in the future are taken into account.

With hydrosalpinx, laparoscopy is usually performed - a gentle method for removing a pathological site. Access to the abdominal cavity is through three small punctures. If the abscess ruptures, open surgery may be required.